Abstract :
A Green
Building is the one whose construction and life time operation provides
healthiest possible environment having the most efficient and least disruptive
use of the land, water, energy and resources. Green Building is the one that
preserves and restores the habitat which is vital for sustaining life by
reducing negative environmental impact. Construction of Green Building
minimizes on-site grading, saves natural resources by using alternative
building material and recycles construction waste rather than dumping in
landfill.
Green Building’s interior spaces have natural lighting, outdoor views
while highly efficient heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) systems
and low volatile organic compounds like paints, flooring and furniture create a
superior indoor air quality. Most of the Green Buildings are designed according
to LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design). Green Buildings are
more comfortable and easier to live with due to Row operating and owning costs.
It is estimated by the year 2050, residential, commercial and institutional
buildings consume about 38-40%global energy and release3800-4000 mega tones of
carbon in to the atmosphere. Climate change by itself can also precipitate
lager energy demand as people seek greater comfort levels in more extreme
conditions.
Shelter is
one of the fundamental needs of human beings. The need to own a place for
living is also seen in animals and birds. In the beginning of human
civilization man used to live in caves and on trees, gradually he has
identified materials suitable for construction like clay, stone and timber.
Basic purpose of these dwellings is to protect man from weather and predators.
These houses made way for larger inhabitations like castles, forts and palaces
which had built in mechanism for providing sunlight and fresh air. As the time
went on, man with his knowledge invented latest technologies and materials
which helped him in construction of different types of buildings. These
buildings and the materials used for construction brought rapid changes in the
environment. Limitation of space, growth
of population and rapid urbanization lead to community dwelling culture which
increased problems like CFC emissions, insufficient ventilation, increase of
waste materials during construction and maintenance of house arouse.
Consumption
of 40% of world’s total energy.
Consumption
of 30% of raw materials.
About 25%
of timber harvest is going down.
35% of CO2 emission.
16% of
fresh water is being depleted.
40% of municipal solid waste is being generated.
50% of
ozone depleting CFC’s are still in use.
30% of the
residents have sick building syndrome.
The above
issues have forced man to think along the terms of sustainable development
which gave solution for his problem through “green building” concept. Most of the
people think that it is latest technology which has been invented in recent
times. But a very few people know that this concept is being used since time
immemorial. The Hawa Mahal in Jaipur Rajasthan in India is constructed in such
a way that it has natural ventilation which is also one of the principles of
green construction. Similarly many buildings were constructed using different
principles of green construction
unknowingly the concept.
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unknowingly the concept.
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