Seminar Topics

Seminar Topics free Download Pdf | PPT | Doc

Showing posts with label Automobile Seminars. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Automobile Seminars. Show all posts

Shape Memory Alloys

 , ,    


Abstract :
Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are metallic alloys which can recover permanent strains when they are heated above a certain temperature. The key characteristic of all SMAs is the occurrence of a martensitic phase transformation. The martensitic transformation is a shear-dominant diffusionless solid-state phase transformation occurring by nucleation and growth of the martensitic phase from a parent austenitic phase. When an SMA undergoes a martensitic phase transformation, it transforms from its high-symmetry, usually cubic, austenitic phase to a low-symmetry martensitic phase, such as the monoclinic variants of the martensitic phase in a NiTi SMA.

Poka Yoke

 , , , ,    


Abstract :
Poka-yoke is a quality assurance technique developed by Japanese manufacturing engineer Shigeo Shingo. The aim of poka-yoke is to eliminate defects in a product by preventing or correcting mistakes as early as possible. Poka-yoke has been used most frequently in manufacturing environments.

Hewlett Packard currently develops its Common Desktop Environment software to run in twelve locales or languages. Traditional testing of this localized software is technically difficult and
time-consuming. By introducing poka-yoke (mistake-proofing) into our software process, we have been able to prevent literally hundreds of software localization defects from reaching our customers.
This paper describes the poka-yoke quality approach in general, as well as our particular use of the technique in our localization efforts. Poka-yoke is providing a simple, robust and painless way for us to detect defects early in our localization efforts.


What is Poka-yoke?
Poka-yoke is a Japanese term that means "mistake-proofing". A poka-yoke is any mechanism in a lean manufacturing process that helps an equipment operator avoid (yokeru) mistakes (poka).
Its purpose is to eliminate product defects by preventing, correcting, or drawing attention to human errors as they occur.[1] The concept was formalised, and the term adopted, by Shigeo Shingo as part of the Toyota Production System. It was originally described as baka-yoke, but as this means "fool-proofing" (or "idiot-proofing") the name was changed to the milder poka-yoke.

Categories of poka-yoke devices
Poka-yoke devices fall into two major categories: prevention and detection.

A prevention device engineers the process so that it is impossible to make a mistake at all. A classic example of a prevention device is the design of a 3.5 inch computer diskette.The diskette is carefully engineered to be slightly asymmetrical so that it will not fit into the disk drive in any orientation other than the correct one. Prevention devices remove the need to correct a mistake, since the user cannot make the mistake in the first place.

A detection device signals the user when a mistake has been made, so that the user can quickly correct the problem. The small dish used at the Yamada Electric plant was a detection device; it alerted the worker when a spring had been forgotten. Detection devices typically warn the user of a problem, but they do not enforce the correction.

We are surrounded every day by both detection and prevention poka-yoke devices, though we may not usually think of them as such. My microwave will not work if the door is open (a prevention device). My car beeps if I leave the key in the ignition (a detection device). At few years ago, some cars were designed not to start until the passengers had buckled their seat belts (a prevention device); but this mechanism was too intrusive and was replaced by a warning beep (a detection device).

Download :
Poka Yoke PPT
Poka Yoke Report

Ball Piston Engine

 ,    


Abstract:A patented new power machine concept has been designed and analyzed for production, and proof of principle subscale tests have been performed, with positive results.  The machine design concept is applicable as a compressor, pump, motor, or engine.   Simplicity of design based on spherical ball pistons (Figures 1 and 2) enables a low moving part count, high power to weight ratio, elimination of valve train and water cooling systems, and perfect dynamic balance.

Continuously Variable Transmission

 ,    


Abstract:
One potential solution to this fuel economy dilemma is the continuously variable transmission (CVT), an old idea that has only recently become a bastion of hope to automakers. CVTs could potentially allow IC vehicles to meet the first wave of new fuel regulations while development of hybrid electric and fuel cell vehicles continues. Rather than selecting one of four or five gears, a CVT constantly changes its gear ratio to optimize engine efficiency with a perfectly smooth torque-speed curve. This improves both gas mileage and acceleration compared to traditional transmissions.

Nano IC Engine

 ,    


Abstract:

 What is nano technology?
Its worth pointing out that the word nanotechnology has become very popular and is used to describe many types of research where the characteristic dimension are less than   about thousand nano meter. If we are to continue these trends we will have to develop a new manufacturing technology which will let us inexpensively build nano system with mole quantities that are molecular in both size and precision and are inter connected in complex patterns NANO TECHNOLOGY WILL DO THIS.



What is heat engine?
Heat engines work on the principle of converting chemical energy into mechanical work and evolve from external combustion engine to internal combustion engine.  External combustion engine is the heat engine in which fuel combustion takes place external to cylinder.  Due to this it is bulky and consumes lot of place.  Second revolution of heat engines are ICE in which fuel combustion takes internally and consumes less place and became compact, cost effective.Of late third revolution is NANO Internal Combustion Engine.  It is difficult to thread- in a needle.  Imagine working with an instrument with one billionth of metre.

 Download :
Nano IC Engine

Rapid Prototyping

 ,    


Abstract :
Rapid Prototyping (RP) can be defined as a group of techniques used to quickly fabricate a scale model of a part or assembly using three-dimensional computer aided design (CAD) data. What is commonly considered to be the first RP technique, Stereolithography, was developed by 3D Systems of Valencia, CA, USA. The company was founded in 1986, and since then, a number of different RP techniques have become available.



Rapid Prototyping has also been referred to as solid free-form manufacturing, computer automated manufacturing, and layered manufacturing. RP has obvious use as a vehicle for visualization. In addition, RP models can be used for testing, such as when an airfoil shape is put into a wind tunnel. RP models can be used to create male models for tooling, such as silicone rubber molds and investment casts. In some cases, the RP part can be the final part, but typically the RP material is not strong or accurate enough. When the RP material is suitable, highly convoluted shapes (including parts nested within parts) can be produced because of the nature of RP.

What is Rapid Prototyping?

Rapid Prototyping is the "process of quickly building and evaluating a series of prototypes" early and often throughout the design process. Prototypes are usually incomplete examples of what a final product may look like. Each time a prototype is used, a formative evaluation gathers information for the next, revised prototype. This cycle continues to refine the product until the final needs and objectives are met. The following diagram demonstrates the non-linear nature of Rapid Prototyping.

Why Rapid Prototyping?

The reasons of Rapid Prototyping are
To increase effective communication.
To decrease development time.
To decrease costly mistakes.
To minimize sustaining engineering changes.
To extend product lifetime by adding necessary features and eliminating redundant features early in the design.

Rapid Prototyping decreases development time by allowing corrections to a product to be made early in the process. By giving engineering, manufacturing, marketing, and purchasing a look at the product early in the design process, mistakes can be corrected and changes can be made while they are still inexpensive. The trends in manufacturing industries continue to emphasize the following:

• Increasing number of variants of products.
• Increasing product complexity.
• Decreasing product lifetime before obsolescence.
• Decreasing delivery time.
Rapid Prototyping improves product development by enabling better communication in a concurrent engineering environment.

How does Rapid Prototyping Work?

Rapid Prototyping, also known as 3D printing, is an additive manufacturing technology. The process begins with taking a virtual design from modeling or computer aided design (CAD) software. The 3D printing machine reads the data from the CAD drawing and lays down successive layers of liquid, powder, or sheet material — building up the physical model from a series of cross sections. These layers, which correspond to the virtual cross section from the CAD model, are automatically joined together to create the final shape.

Rapid Prototyping uses a standard data interface, implemented as the STL file format, to translate from the CAD software to the 3D prototyping machine. The STL file approximates the shape of a part or assembly using triangular facets.

Typically, Rapid Prototyping systems can produce 3D models within a few hours. Yet, this can vary widely, depending on the type of machine being used and the size and number of models being produced. 

 Download :
Rapid Prototyping seminar
PPT