Abstract :
The term “Cryogenics”
originates from Greek word which means creation or production by means of cold.
As prices for energy and raw materials rise and concern for the environment makes
safe waste disposal difficult and Costly, resource recovery becomes a vital matter
for today’s business. Cryogenic grinding technology can efficiently grind
most tough materials
and can also facilitate Cryogenic recycling
of tough composite materials and multi component scrap. The heart of this technology
is the CRYO-GRIND SYSTEM. It employs a cryogenic process to embrittle and grind
materials to achieve consistent particle size for a wide range of products. The
cryogenic process also has a unique capability for recycling difficult to separate
composite materials.
Cryogenic grinding
is a method of powdering herbs at sub-zero temperatures ranging from 0 to minus
70°F. The herbs are frozen with liquid nitrogen as they are being ground. This process
does not damage or alter the chemical composition of the plant in any way. Normal
grinding processes which do not use a cooling system can reach up to
200°F. These
high temperatures can reduce volatile components and heat-sensitive constituents
in herbs. The cryogenic grinding process starts with air-dried herbs, rather
than freeze-dried herbs.
Solid materials
are ground or pulverized by way of hammer mills, attrition mills, granulators or
other equipment. A smaller particle size is usually needed to enhance the further
processing of the solid, as in mixing with other materials. A finer particle also
helps in melting of rubber and plastics for molding. However, many
materials are
either very soft or very tough at room temperatures. By cooling to cryogenic
temperatures with liquid nitrogen, these may be embrittled and easily fractured
into small particles.
Cryogenic Grinding
System
When using the
system, measurable and repeatable results are obtained for lab or productions calculations.
Mills range in size from 7-1/2 HP to 200 HP. With our cryogenic grinding unit an
understanding develops with interaction of equipment components and operating parameters.
Factors such as consistent feed rate, precise temperature measurement, mill operating
parameters and pressure control are critical to the evaluation of cryogenic grinding
and cryogenic grinding systems.
CRYOGENIC GRINDING
TECHNOLOGY
or pulverizing
many materials, cryogenic grinding technology increases productivity and lowers
power costs. Many elastic or "soft" materials are very difficult to
pulverize, requiring long cycle times and high energy consumption. This combination
decreased productivity and increased costs unnecessarily. Cryogenic grinding involves
cooling a material below its embrittlement temperature with a cryogenic fluid, typically
liquid nitrogen or, in certain applications, carbon dioxide. After cooling, the
material is fed into an impact mill where it is reduced in size primarily by brittle
fracture. This process has several benefits:
Ability
to process relatively "soft" or elastic materials that cannot otherwise
be ground
Increased
throughput
Reduced
power consumption
Smaller
size particles
Minimal
loss of volatile components
Lower
capital investment
Probably the
greatest benefit provided by cryogenic grinding is the ability to grind "soft"
or elastic materials that otherwise could not be ground, or could be ground only
with long cycle times and high energy use. By embrittling the material, fine powder
or crumb can be obtained easily and with a minimum expenditure of energy. Because
embrittled material grinds easily, the throughput for a given mill is substantially
increased and less power is used per pound of material ground.
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