Abstract :
Quasi
turbine is a zero vibration continuous combustion rotary engine having four
faces articulated rotor with a free and accessible centre rotating without
vibration nor dead time and producing a strong torque at low rpm under a
variety of modes and fuels. The quasi turbine is also an optimization theory
for extremely compact efficient engine concept.
Objective
of this invention is to provide a new engine concept unifying the compressor
and power turbine into one entity that is a conventional gas turbine engine. Another
object of this invention is to provide a low noise, perfectly balanced, zero
vibration, low r.p.m engine, giving less time to compression and expansion
stroke and allowing more time and volume to the
intake combustion stroke.A further objective of this invention is to provide a fast
accelerating, zero dead time and to provide an engine almost universal to
energy sources, which can run efficiently on pneumatic, steam, hydraulic,
liquid and gas fuel internal combustion.
Another
objective is to provide an engine, which has a short pressure peak, cold intake
area characteristics, so that it is suitable for photo detonation mode pure
hydrogen fuel combustion. Another objective is to provide a high weight and
volume density engine, without need of any valve, check valve or obstruction
and within neither a crankshaft nor a flywheel.
The
invention is an assembly of four carriages supporting the pivots of a four
element, variable shape rotor, which is confined within a chamber (internal
housing counter wall-stator) based on the shape of a Saint Hilaire skating rink
profile. This profile offers the rotary components of the engine a bigger, more uniform
radial path, enabling maximum torque to be reached more efficiently than a
normal combustion. Two lateral plane covers close the engine end. The rotor is
composed of four pivoting blades playing a similar role as the piston or
turbine blades. Each pivots sit into one of the four rocking carriages.
Each
carriage is free to rotate around the same pivot in such a way as to be
continuously and precisely in contact with housing counter. A central shaft is not needed for the engine
to operate. It can be driven through a set of coupling arms attached to the
blades by means of traction slots and through a set of arm braces, the ends of
which are linked to central shaft. The central shaft unit can be easily removed
through the back cover central hold with out dismantling the engine.
Pivoting
blades are shaped with the filler tip to allow the control of residual volume
in the upper and lower chambers at maximum pressure configuration. Carriage
wheels should be wide to reduce contact pressure with the counter wall. For
smoother operation, roller bearings are inserted in the blade’s hook pivots.
Intake,
spark plug and exhaust ports are made either radially in the housing, or axial
in the side covers, or both. In order to pass along the flame make a continuous
combustion engine, a small channel(ignition flame transfer slot) located along
the internal housing counter wall next to spark plug allows a voluntary flow
back of hot gases into the next ready-to-fire combustion chamber. Screwing or
unscrewing the spark plug can control the amount of flow. This channel is called
ignition transfer cavity. An ignition-timing advance can be built-in by slightly shifting
the effective position of spark plug and / or the channel.
To help
cooling and reduce lubrication, at least one of the lateral side covers has a
large central hole exposing the pivoting blades to central area of the rotor
such that all parts of engine are external, except for the carriage and wheels
which are always in good thermal contact with the housing contour. Since the
seals are the only friction surfaces, the need of lubrication is minimized by
an optimal choice of anti-friction materials.
The
housing, the pivoting blades and the carriages can be made of metal, glass,
ceramic or plastic, the later mostly for compressor, pump or water-hydraulic
engine application.
In a
photo-detonation engine because it employs a homogenous charge and compression
ignition, it is often described as a HCCI engine . HCCI (Homogeneous charge Compression Ignition)
combustion results in Virtually no emissions and superior fuel efficiency. This is because photo detonating engines
completely combust the fuel, leaving behind no hydrocarbons to be treated by a
catalytic converter or simply expelled into the air.
The higher pressure required
for Photo-detonation puts a
significant amount of
stress on the engine itself. Piston
engines can’t withstand the violent force of the detonation. And traditional rotary engines such as the
Wankel, which have longer combustion chambers that limit the amount of compression they can
achieve, are incapable of producing the high- pressure environment necessary for Photo -
detonation to occur.
The Quasi
turbine with carriages is strong enough and compact enough to with stand the force of Photo-detonation and
allow for the higher compression ratio necessary for pressure - heated
self-ignition
THE
WORKING OF A SIMPLE QUASI TURBINE
The simpler Quasi turbine model looks very much like a traditional
rotary engine: A rotor turns inside a
nearly oval-shaped housing, Notice, however that the Quasi turbine rotor has four
elements instead of three. The sides of
the rotor seal against the sides of the housing, and the corners of the rotor
seal against the inner periphery, dividing it into four chambers.
In a piston
engine, one complete four-stroke cycle produces two complete revolutions of the
cranks shaft. That means the power
output of a piston engine is half a power stroke per one piston
revolution. A Quasi turbine engine, on
the other hand, doesn’t need pistons.
Instead, the four strokes of a typical piston engine are arranged
sequentially round the oval housing.
There’s no need for the cranks shaft to perform the rotary conversion a
in basic
model, it’s very easy to see the four cycles of internal combustion.
Intake ,
which draws in a mixture of fuel and air
Compression,
which squeezes the fuel - air mixture into a smaller volume.
Combustion
, which uses a spark from a spark plug to ignite the fuel.
Exhaust, which
expels waste gases (the by-products) from the engine.
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