Abstract:
Energy is a scalar physical quantity that describes
the amount of work that
can be performed by a force, an
attribute of objects and systems that is subject to a conservation law
Different forms of energy include kinetic, potential, thermal, gravitational, sound, light, elastic, and electromagnetic energy.
The forms of energy are often named after a related force.
Any form of energy can be transformed into
another form, but the total energy always remains the same. This principle, the
conservation of energy,
was first postulated in the early 19th century, and applies to any isolated system.
Types of Energy:
There are two types of energy
Primary Energy
Primary energy is energy found
in nature that has not been subjected to any conversion or transformation
process.
Primary energy is energy contained in raw fuels and any other forms of energy received
by a system as input to the system.
The concept is used especially in energy statistics in the course
of compilation of energy balances. Primary
energy includes non-renewable energy
and renewable energy.
Secondary Energy
Primary energies are transformed in energy conversion processes
to more convenient forms of energy, such as electrical energy, refined
fuels, or synthetic fuels such
as hydrogen fuel. In energy
statistics these forms are called energy. Secondary energy is an energy form which
has been transformed from another one. Electricity is the most common example, being
transformed from such primary sources as coal, oil, natural gas, and wind.
Solar Energy:
Solar energy is the radiant light and heat from the Sun that has been harnessed by humans since
ancient times using a range
of ever-evolving technologies. Solar radiation along
with secondary solar resources such as wind and wave power, hydroelectricity and biomass account for most of
the available renewable energy on
Earth. Only a minuscule fraction of the available
solar energy is used.
Solar power provides
electrical generation by means of heat engines or photovoltaic. Once converted,
its uses are limited only by human ingenuity. A partial list of solar applications
includes space heating and cooling through solar architecture, potable water via distillation and disinfection, day lighting, hot water, thermal energy for cooking, and high
temperature process heat for industrial purposes.
Solar technologies are broadly characterized as either passive solar or active solar depending on the
way they capture, convert and distribute sunlight. Active solar techniques include
the use of photovoltaic panels and solar thermal collectors
(with electrical or mechanical equipment) to convert sunlight into useful outputs.
Passive solar techniques include orienting a building to the Sun, selecting
materials with favorable
thermal mass or
light dispersing properties, and designing spaces that
naturally circulate
air.
There are two types of solar system
Active Solar System
An active solar system is a system that uses a mechanical device, such
as pumps or fans run by electricity in addition to solar energy, to transport air
or water between a solar collector and the interior of a building for heating or
cooling.
Passive Solar System
A passive solar system
is a system that distributes
collected heat via
direct transfer from a thermal mass rather
than mechanical power. Passive systems rely on building design and materials to
collect and store heat and to create natural ventilation for cooling.Download :