Abstract :
Iontophoresis is a non-invasive method to
deliver medication through the skin to a specific area using a continuous
direct current. Anti-inflammatory and anesthetic medications (dexamethasone and
lidocaine) are the most common medications delivered using iontophoresis in physical therapy1.
Iontophoresis requires two electrodes,
one positively and one negatively charged. Placement of the electrodes is
dependent on the polarity of the medication being delivered. For example,
dexamethasone has a negative polarity.
Therefore, the electrode containing dexamethasone will be placed over
the affected body part and attached to the negative charge in the electrical
circuit. The negative current repels the negative dexamethasone ions, driving
them through the patient's skin.2,3 Conversely, lidocaine has a positive polarity so the electrode would be
attached to the positive charge in the electrical circuit.
Iontophoresis or ion transfer is
introduction of substances into the body for therapeutic purposes using a
direct current. Each substance is separated into its ionic components by the action of the
current and deposited subcutaneously according to the imposed polarity on the
electrode. Therapeutic results depend on the ion introduced, the pathology
present and the desired effects.
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